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Python適配器模式代碼實(shí)現(xiàn)解析

發(fā)布時(shí)間:2020-10-25 09:41:30 來源:腳本之家 閱讀:134 作者:寶山方圓 欄目:開發(fā)技術(shù)

Python適配器模式,代碼,思考等

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# author:baoshan
class Computer:
  def __init__(self, name):
    self.name = name
  def __str__(self):
    return 'the {} computer'.format(self.name)
  def execute(self):
    return 'executes a program'
class Synthesizer:
  def __init__(self, name):
    self.name = name
  def __str__(self):
    return 'the {} synthesizer'.format(self.name)
  def play(self):
    return 'is playing an electronic song'
class Human:
  def __init__(self, name):
    self.name = name
  def __str__(self):
    return '{} the human'.format(self.name)
  def speak(self):
    return 'says hello'
class Adapter:
  def __init__(self, obj, adapted_methods):
    self.obj = obj
    self.__dict__.update(adapted_methods)
def __str__(self):
    return str(self.obj)
def main():
  objects = [Computer('Asus')]
  synth = Synthesizer('moog')
  objects.append(Adapter(synth, dict(execute=synth.play)))
  human = Human('Bob')
  objects.append(Adapter(human, dict(execute=human.speak)))
  for i in objects:
    print('{} {}'.format(str(i), i.execute()))
if __name__ == '__main__':
  main()

代碼輸出:

the Asus computer executes a program
the moog synthesizer is playing an electronic song
Bob the human says hello

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

我們?cè)O(shè)法使得Human和Synthesizer類與客戶端所期望的接口兼容,且無需改變它們的源代碼。這太棒了!

這里有一個(gè)為你準(zhǔn)備的挑戰(zhàn)性練習(xí),當(dāng)前的實(shí)現(xiàn)有一個(gè)問題,當(dāng)所有類都有一個(gè)屬性name時(shí),以下代碼會(huì)運(yùn)行失敗。

  for i in objects:
    print('{}'.format(i.name))

首先想想這段代碼為什么會(huì)失敗?雖然從編碼的角度來看這是有意義的,但對(duì)于客戶端代碼來說毫無意義,客戶端不應(yīng)該關(guān)心“適配了什么”和“什么沒有被適配”這類細(xì)節(jié)。我們只是想提供一個(gè)統(tǒng)一的接口。該如何做才能讓這段代碼生效?

思考一下如何將未適配部分委托給包含在適配器類中的對(duì)象。

答案如下:

將適配器類更改如下,增加一行代碼

class Adapter:
  def __init__(self, obj, adapted_methods):
    self.obj = obj
    self.__dict__.update(adapted_methods)
    self.name = obj.name
  def __str__(self):
    return str(self.obj)

然后在main函數(shù)中獲取對(duì)應(yīng)的name,如下

def main():
  objects = [Computer('Asus')]
  synth = Synthesizer('moog')
  objects.append(Adapter(synth, dict(execute=synth.play)))
  human = Human('Bob')
  objects.append(Adapter(human, dict(execute=human.speak)))
  for i in objects:
    print('{} {}'.format(str(i), i.execute()))
    print('{}'.format(i.name))
if __name__ == '__main__':
  main()

輸出結(jié)果如下:

the Asus computer executes a program
Asus
the moog synthesizer is playing an electronic song
moog
Bob the human says hello
Bob

參考自:《精通Python設(shè)計(jì)模式》

以上就是本文的全部內(nèi)容,希望對(duì)大家的學(xué)習(xí)有所幫助,也希望大家多多支持億速云。

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