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下文給大家?guī)矶喙?jié)點(diǎn)部署介紹及負(fù)載均衡搭建方法，希望能夠給大家在實(shí)際運(yùn)用中帶來一定的幫助，負(fù)載均衡涉及的東西比較多，理論也不多，網(wǎng)上有很多書籍，今天我們就用億速云在行業(yè)內(nèi)累計(jì)的經(jīng)驗(yàn)來做一個(gè)解答。
在我們搭建多節(jié)點(diǎn)部署時(shí)，多個(gè)master同時(shí)運(yùn)行工作，在處理工作問題時(shí)總是使用同一個(gè)master完成工作，當(dāng)master服務(wù)器面對多個(gè)請求任務(wù)時(shí)，處理速度就會(huì)變慢，同時(shí)其余的master服務(wù)器不處理請求也是一種資源的浪費(fèi)，這個(gè)時(shí)候我們就考慮到做負(fù)載均衡服務(wù)
[root@master01 kubeconfig]# scp -r /opt/kubernetes/ root@192.168.80.11:/opt //直接復(fù)制kubernetes目錄到master02
The authenticity of host '192.168.80.11 (192.168.80.11)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:Ih0NpZxfLb+MOEFW8B+ZsQ5R8Il2Sx8dlNov632cFlo.
ECDSA key fingerprint is MD5:a9:ee:e5:cc:40:c7:9e:24:5b:c1:cd:c1:7b:31:42:0f.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added '192.168.80.11' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.
root@192.168.80.11's password:
token.csv 100% 84 61.4KB/s 00:00
kube-apiserver 100% 929 1.6MB/s 00:00
kube-scheduler 100% 94 183.2KB/s 00:00
kube-controller-manager 100% 483 969.2KB/s 00:00
kube-apiserver 100% 184MB 106.1MB/s 00:01
kubectl 100% 55MB 85.9MB/s 00:00
kube-controller-manager 100% 155MB 111.9MB/s 00:01
kube-scheduler 100% 55MB 115.8MB/s 00:00
ca-key.pem 100% 1675 2.7MB/s 00:00
ca.pem 100% 1359 2.6MB/s 00:00
server-key.pem 100% 1679 2.5MB/s 00:00
server.pem 100% 1643 2.7MB/s 00:00
[root@master01 kubeconfig]# scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/{kube-apiserver,kube-controller-manager, kube-scheduler}.service root@192.168.80.11:/usr/lib/systemd/system //復(fù)制master中的三個(gè)組件啟動(dòng)腳本
root@192.168.80.11's password:
kube-apiserver.service 100% 282 274.4KB/s 00:00
kube-controller-manager.service 100% 317 403.5KB/s 00:00
kube-scheduler.service 100% 281 379.4KB/s 00:00
[root@master01 kubeconfig]# scp -r /opt/etcd/ root@192.168.80.11:/opt/ //特別注意：master02一定要有 etcd證書，否則apiserver服務(wù)無法啟動(dòng) 拷貝master01上已有的etcd證書給master02使用
root@192.168.80.11's password:
etcd 100% 509 275.7KB/s 00:00
etcd 100% 18MB 95.3MB/s 00:00
etcdctl 100% 15MB 75.1MB/s 00:00
ca-key.pem 100% 1679 941.1KB/s 00:00
ca.pem 100% 1265 1.6MB/s 00:00
server-key.pem 100% 1675 2.0MB/s 00:00
server.pem 100% 1338 1.5MB/s 00:00[root@master02 ~]# systemctl stop firewalld.service //關(guān)閉防火墻 [root@master02 ~]# setenforce 0 //關(guān)閉selinux [root@master02 ~]# vim /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-apiserver //更改文件 ... --etcd-servers=https://192.168.80.12:2379,https://192.168.80.13:2379,https://192.168.80.14:2379 \ --bind-address=192.168.80.11 \ //更改IP地址 --secure-port=6443 \ --advertise-address=192.168.80.11 \ //更改IP地址 --allow-privileged=true \ --service-cluster-ip-range=10.0.0.0/24 \ ... :wq [root@master02 ~]# systemctl start kube-apiserver.service //啟動(dòng)apiserver服務(wù) [root@master02 ~]# systemctl enable kube-apiserver.service //設(shè)置開機(jī)自啟 Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/kube-apiserver.service to /usr/lib/ systemd/system/kube-apiserver.service. [root@master02 ~]# systemctl start kube-controller-manager.service //啟動(dòng)controller-manager [root@master02 ~]# systemctl enable kube-controller-manager.service //設(shè)置開機(jī)自啟 Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/kube-controller-manager.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-controller-manager.service. [root@master02 ~]# systemctl start kube-scheduler.service //啟動(dòng)scheduler [root@master02 ~]# systemctl enable kube-scheduler.service //設(shè)置開機(jī)自啟 Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/kube-scheduler.service to /usr/lib/ systemd/system/kube-scheduler.service. [root@master02 ~]# vim /etc/profile //編輯添加環(huán)境變量 ... export PATH=$PATH:/opt/kubernetes/bin/ :wq [root@master02 ~]# source /etc/profile //重新執(zhí)行 [root@master02 ~]# kubectl get node //查看節(jié)點(diǎn)信息 NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION 192.168.80.13 Ready <none> 146m v1.12.3 192.168.80.14 Ready <none> 144m v1.12.3 //多master配置成功
lb01、lb02同步操作keepalived服務(wù)配置文件下載 提取碼：fkoh
[root@lb01 ~]# systemctl stop firewalld.service
[root@lb01 ~]# setenforce 0
[root@lb01 ~]# vim /etc/yum.repos.d/nginx.repo //配置nginx服務(wù)yum源
[nginx]
name=nginx repo
baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/$basearch/
gpgcheck=0
:wq
[root@lb01 yum.repos.d]# yum list //重新加載yum
已加載插件：fastestmirror
base | 3.6 kB 00:00:00
extras | 2.9 kB 00:00:00
...
[root@lb01 yum.repos.d]# yum install nginx -y //安裝nginx服務(wù)
已加載插件：fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.aliyun.com
* extras: mirrors.163.com
...
[root@lb01 yum.repos.d]# vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf //編輯nginx配置文件
...
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
stream { //添加四層轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)模塊
log_format main '$remote_addr $upstream_addr - [$time_local] $status $upstream_bytes_sent';
access_log /var/log/nginx/k8s-access.log main;
upstream k8s-apiserver {
server 192.168.80.12:6443; //注意IP地址
server 192.168.80.11:6443;
}
server {
listen 6443;
proxy_pass k8s-apiserver;
}
}
http {
include /etc/nginx/mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
...
:wq
[root@lb01 yum.repos.d]# systemctl start nginx //啟動(dòng)nginx服務(wù) 可以在瀏覽器中訪問測試nginx服務(wù)
[root@lb01 yum.repos.d]# yum install keepalived -y //安裝keepalived服務(wù)
已加載插件：fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.aliyun.com
* extras: mirrors.163.com
...
[root@lb01 yum.repos.d]# mount.cifs //192.168.80.2/shares/K8S/k8s02 /mnt/ //掛載宿主機(jī)目錄
Password for root@//192.168.80.2/shares/K8S/k8s02:
[root@lb01 yum.repos.d]# cp /mnt/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf //復(fù)制準(zhǔn)備好的 keepalived配置文件覆蓋源配置文件
cp：是否覆蓋"/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf"？ yes
[root@lb01 yum.repos.d]# vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf //編輯配置文件
...
vrrp_script check_nginx {
script "/etc/nginx/check_nginx.sh" //注意腳本位置修改
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state MASTER
interface ens33 //注意網(wǎng)卡名稱
virtual_router_id 51 //VRRP 路由 ID實(shí)例，每個(gè)實(shí)例是唯一的
priority 100 //優(yōu)先級，備服務(wù)器設(shè)置 90
advert_int 1 //指定VRRP 心跳包通告間隔時(shí)間，默認(rèn)1秒
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.80.100/24 //飄逸地址
}
track_script {
check_nginx
}
}
//刪除下面所有內(nèi)容
:wqlb02服務(wù)器keepalived配置文件修改
[root@lb02 ~]# vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
...
vrrp_script check_nginx {
script "/etc/nginx/check_nginx.sh" //注意腳本位置修改
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state BACKUP //修改角色為backup
interface ens33 //網(wǎng)卡名稱
virtual_router_id 51 //VRRP 路由 ID實(shí)例，每>個(gè)實(shí)例是唯一的
priority 90 //優(yōu)先級，備服務(wù)器設(shè)置 90
advert_int 1 //指定VRRP 心跳包通告間隔時(shí)間，默認(rèn)1秒
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.80.100/24 //虛擬IP地址
}
track_script {
check_nginx
}
}
//刪除下面所有內(nèi)容
:wqlb01、lb02同步操作
[root@lb01 yum.repos.d]# vim /etc/nginx/check_nginx.sh //編輯判斷nginx狀態(tài)腳本 count=$(ps -ef |grep nginx |egrep -cv "grep|$$") if [ "$count" -eq 0 ];then systemctl stop keepalived fi :wq chmod +x /etc/nginx/check_nginx.sh //添加腳本執(zhí)行權(quán)限 [root@lb01 yum.repos.d]# systemctl start keepalived //啟動(dòng)服務(wù)
[root@lb01 ~]# ip a //查看地址信息 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN qlen 1 link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000 link/ether 00:0c:29:e9:04:ba brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 192.168.80.19/24 brd 192.168.80.255 scope global ens33 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet 192.168.80.100/24 scope global secondary ens33 //虛擬地址成功配置 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 fe80::c3ab:d7ec:1adf:c5df/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
[root@lb02 ~]# ip a //查看地址信息 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN qlen 1 link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000 link/ether 00:0c:29:7d:c7:ab brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 192.168.80.20/24 brd 192.168.80.255 scope global ens33 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 fe80::cd8b:b80c:8deb:251f/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 fe80::c3ab:d7ec:1adf:c5df/64 scope link tentative dadfailed valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever //沒有虛擬IP地址 lb02屬于備用服務(wù)
[root@lb01 ~]# systemctl stop nginx.service [root@lb01 nginx]# ip a 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN qlen 1 link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000 link/ether 00:0c:29:e9:04:ba brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 192.168.80.19/24 brd 192.168.80.255 scope global ens33 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 fe80::c3ab:d7ec:1adf:c5df/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever [root@lb02 ~]# ip a //在lb02服務(wù)器查看 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN qlen 1 link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000 link/ether 00:0c:29:7d:c7:ab brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 192.168.80.20/24 brd 192.168.80.255 scope global ens33 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet 192.168.80.100/24 scope global secondary ens33 //漂移地址轉(zhuǎn)移到lb02上 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 fe80::cd8b:b80c:8deb:251f/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 fe80::c3ab:d7ec:1adf:c5df/64 scope link tentative dadfailed valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
[root@lb01 nginx]# systemctl start nginx [root@lb01 nginx]# systemctl start keepalived.service [root@lb01 nginx]# ip a 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN qlen 1 link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000 link/ether 00:0c:29:e9:04:ba brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 192.168.80.19/24 brd 192.168.80.255 scope global ens33 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet 192.168.80.100/24 scope global secondary ens33 //漂移地址被搶占回來 因?yàn)榕渲昧藘?yōu)先級 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 fe80::c3ab:d7ec:1adf:c5df/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
[root@node01 ~]# vim /opt/kubernetes/cfg/bootstrap.kubeconfig ... server: https://192.168.80.100:6443 ... :wq [root@node01 ~]# vim /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.kubeconfig ... server: https://192.168.80.100:6443 ... :wq [root@node01 ~]# vim /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.kubeconfig ... server: https://192.168.80.100:6443 ... :wq [root@node01 ~]# systemctl restart kubelet.service //重啟服務(wù) [root@node01 ~]# systemctl restart kube-proxy.service
[root@lb01 nginx]# tail /var/log/nginx/k8s-access.log 192.168.80.13 192.168.80.12:6443 - [11/Feb/2020:15:23:52 +0800] 200 1118 192.168.80.13 192.168.80.11:6443 - [11/Feb/2020:15:23:52 +0800] 200 1119 192.168.80.14 192.168.80.12:6443 - [11/Feb/2020:15:26:01 +0800] 200 1119 192.168.80.14 192.168.80.12:6443 - [11/Feb/2020:15:26:01 +0800] 200 1120
[root@master01 ~]# kubectl run nginx --image=nginx //創(chuàng)建pod節(jié)點(diǎn) kubectl run --generator=deployment/apps.v1beta1 is DEPRECATED and will be removed in a future version. Use kubectl create instead. deployment.apps/nginx created [root@master01 ~]# kubectl get pods //查看pod信息 NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE nginx-dbddb74b8-sdcpl 1/1 Running 0 33m //創(chuàng)建成功 [root@master01 ~]# kubectl logs nginx-dbddb74b8-sdcpl //查看日志信息 Error from server (Forbidden): Forbidden (user=system:anonymous, verb=get, resource=nodes, subresource=proxy) ( pods/log nginx-dbddb74b8-sdcpl) //出報(bào)錯(cuò) [root@master01 ~]# kubectl create clusterrolebinding cluster-system-anonymous --clusterrole=cluster-admin --user=system:anonymous //解決日志報(bào)錯(cuò)問題 clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/cluster-system-anonymous created [root@master01 ~]# kubectl logs nginx-dbddb74b8-sdcpl //再次查看日志 [root@master01 ~]# //這個(gè)時(shí)候沒有訪問，所有日志沒有顯示日志信息
在node節(jié)點(diǎn)中訪問nginx網(wǎng)頁
[root@master01 ~]# kubectl get pods -o wide //先在master01節(jié)點(diǎn)上查看pod網(wǎng)絡(luò)信息
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE IP NODE NOMINATED NODE
nginx-dbddb74b8-sdcpl 1/1 Running 0 38m 172.17.33.2 192.168.80.14 <none>
[root@node01 ~]# curl 172.17.33.2 //在node節(jié)點(diǎn)上操作可以直接訪問
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Welcome to nginx!</title>
<style>
body {
width: 35em;
margin: 0 auto;
font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h3>Welcome to nginx!</h3>
<p>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and
working. Further configuration is required.</p>
<p>For online documentation and support please refer to
<a href="http://nginx.org/">nginx.org</a>.<br/>
Commercial support is available at
<a href="http://nginx.com/">nginx.com</a>.</p>
<p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p>
</body>
</html>[root@master01 ~]# kubectl logs nginx-dbddb74b8-sdcpl 172.17.12.0 - - [12/Feb/2020:06:45:54 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 612 "-" "curl/7.29.0" "-" //出現(xiàn)訪問信息
看了以上關(guān)于多節(jié)點(diǎn)部署介紹及負(fù)載均衡搭建方法，如果大家還有什么地方需要了解的可以在億速云行業(yè)資訊里查找自己感興趣的或者找我們的專業(yè)技術(shù)工程師解答的，億速云技術(shù)工程師在行業(yè)內(nèi)擁有十幾年的經(jīng)驗(yàn)了。
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