java中的淺拷貝和深拷貝是什么？二者有什么區(qū)別

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1、什么叫Java淺拷貝？

淺拷貝是會(huì)將對(duì)象的每個(gè)屬性進(jìn)行依次復(fù)制，但是當(dāng)對(duì)象的屬性值是引用類型時(shí)，實(shí)質(zhì)復(fù)制的是其引用，當(dāng)引用指向的值改變時(shí)也會(huì)跟著變化。

2、什么叫Java深拷貝？

深拷貝復(fù)制變量值，對(duì)于引用數(shù)據(jù)，則遞歸至基本類型后，再復(fù)制。深拷貝后的對(duì)象與原來的對(duì)象是完全隔離的，互不影響，對(duì)一個(gè)對(duì)象的修改并不會(huì)影響另一個(gè)對(duì)象。

3、Java淺拷貝和深拷貝的區(qū)別是什么？

通俗來講淺拷貝的復(fù)制其引用，當(dāng)引用指向的值改變時(shí)也會(huì)跟著變化；而深拷貝則是與原來的對(duì)象完全隔離，互補(bǔ)影響。

4、思維導(dǎo)圖

5、測(cè)試用例分析

淺拷貝測(cè)試用例

public class ShallowExperience {
    private String skill;
    public void setSkill(String skill) {
        this.skill = skill;
    }
    public void setShallowExperience(String skill) {
        this.skill = skill;
    }
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return skill;
    }
}
public class ShallowCloneTest implements Cloneable {
    private int age;
    private ShallowExperience shallowExperience;
    public ShallowCloneTest() {
        this.age = 10;
        this.shallowExperience = new ShallowExperience();
    }
    public ShallowExperience getExperience() {
        return shallowExperience;
    }
    public void setShallowExperience(String skill) {
        shallowExperience.setShallowExperience(skill);
    }
    public void show() {
        System.out.println(shallowExperience.toString());
    }
    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }
    @Override
    protected Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
        return (ShallowCloneTest) super.clone();
    }
}
public class TestMain {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws CloneNotSupportedException {
        System.out.println("======淺拷貝======");
        shallowCloneTest();
    }
    /**
     * 淺拷貝測(cè)試用例
     *
     * @throws CloneNotSupportedException
     */
    private static void shallowCloneTest() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
        ShallowCloneTest test = new ShallowCloneTest();
        test.setShallowExperience("我是小明，我精通Java，C++的復(fù)制粘貼");
        test.show();
        ShallowCloneTest cloneTest = (ShallowCloneTest) test.clone();
        cloneTest.show();
        cloneTest.setShallowExperience("我是小明的副本，我精通Java,C++");
        cloneTest.show();
        test.show();
        System.out.println(cloneTest.getAge());
    }
}
//運(yùn)行結(jié)果
======淺拷貝======
我是小明，我精通Java，C++的復(fù)制粘貼
我是小明，我精通Java，C++的復(fù)制粘貼
我是小明的副本，我精通Java,C++
我是小明的副本，我精通Java,C++
10

深拷貝測(cè)試用例

public class DeepExperience implements Cloneable{
    private String skill;
    public void setSkill(String skill) {
        this.skill = skill;
    }
    public void setDeepExperience(String skill) {
        this.skill = skill;
    }
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return skill;
    }
    @Override
    protected Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
        return super.clone();
    }
}
public class DeepCloneTest implements Cloneable {
    private int age;
    private DeepExperience deepExperience;
    public DeepCloneTest() {
        this.age = 10;
        this.deepExperience = new DeepExperience();
    }
    public DeepExperience getExperience() {
        return deepExperience;
    }
    public void setDeepExperience(String skill) {
        deepExperience.setDeepExperience(skill);
    }
    public void show() {
        System.out.println(deepExperience.toString());
    }
    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }
    @Override
    protected Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
        DeepCloneTest deepCloneTest = (DeepCloneTest) super.clone();
        deepCloneTest.deepExperience = (DeepExperience) deepCloneTest.getExperience().clone();
        return deepCloneTest;
    }
}
public class TestMain {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws CloneNotSupportedException {
        System.out.println("======深拷貝======");
        deepCloneTest();
    }
    /**
     * 深拷貝測(cè)試用例
     *
     * @throws CloneNotSupportedException
     */
    private static void deepCloneTest() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
        DeepCloneTest test = new DeepCloneTest();
        test.setDeepExperience("我是小明，我精通Java，C++的復(fù)制粘貼");
        test.show();
        DeepCloneTest cloneTest = (DeepCloneTest) test.clone();
        cloneTest.show();
        cloneTest.setDeepExperience("我是小明的副本，我精通Java,C++");
        cloneTest.show();
        test.show();
        System.out.println(cloneTest.getAge());
    }
}
//運(yùn)行結(jié)果
======深拷貝======
我是小明，我精通Java，C++的復(fù)制粘貼
我是小明，我精通Java，C++的復(fù)制粘貼
我是小明的副本，我精通Java,C++
我是小明，我精通Java，C++的復(fù)制粘貼
10

到此為止, 關(guān)于java中的淺拷貝和深拷貝有了一個(gè)基礎(chǔ)的認(rèn)識(shí), 但是對(duì)于具體的使用方法還是需要多加鞏固和練習(xí)，如果想了解更多相關(guān)內(nèi)容，請(qǐng)關(guān)注億速云行業(yè)資訊。