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【前面的話】SpringCloud為開(kāi)發(fā)人員提供了快速構(gòu)建分布式系統(tǒng)的一些工具,包括配置管理、服務(wù)發(fā)現(xiàn)、斷路器、路由、微代理、事件總線、全局鎖、決策競(jìng)選、分布式會(huì)話等等。它配置簡(jiǎn)單,上手快,而且生態(tài)成熟,便于應(yīng)用。但是它對(duì)SpringBoot有很強(qiáng)的依賴,需要有一定基礎(chǔ),但是SpringBoot倆小時(shí)就可以入門(mén)。另外對(duì)于“微服務(wù)架構(gòu)” 不了解的話,可以通過(guò)搜索引擎搜索“微服務(wù)架構(gòu)”了解下。另外這是SpringCloud的版本為Greenwich.SR2,JDK版本為1.8,SpringBoot的版本為2.1.7.RELEASE。
添加pom依賴和SpringCloud和SpringBoot的版本
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.1.7.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<groupId>com.eelve.lovincloud</groupId>
<artifactId>lovincloud</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>pom</packaging>
<name>lovincloud</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<spring-cloud.version>Greenwich.SR2</spring-cloud.version>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
在這里,我們需要用的的組件上Spring Cloud Netflix的Eureka ,eureka是一個(gè)服務(wù)注冊(cè)和發(fā)現(xiàn)模塊。
新建一個(gè)子工程lovin-eureka-server作為服務(wù)的注冊(cè)中心
<parent>
<artifactId>lovincloud</artifactId>
<groupId>com.eelve.lovincloud</groupId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>lovin-eureka-server</artifactId>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<name>eurekaserver</name>
<version>0.0.1</version>
<description>eureka服務(wù)端</description>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
package com.eelve.lovin;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.server.EnableEurekaServer;
/**
- eureka是一個(gè)高可用的組件,它沒(méi)有后端緩存,每一個(gè)實(shí)例注冊(cè)之后需要向注冊(cè)中心發(fā)送心跳(因此可以在內(nèi)存中完成),在默認(rèn)情況下erureka server也是一個(gè)eureka client ,必須要指定一個(gè) server。eureka server的配置文件appication.yml:
~~~yaml
spring:
application:
naem: lovineurkaserver # 服務(wù)模塊名稱(chēng)
server:
port: 8881 # 設(shè)置的eureka端口號(hào)
eureka:
instance:
hostname: localhost # 設(shè)置eureka的主機(jī)地址
client:
registerWithEureka: false #表示是否將自己注冊(cè)到Eureka Server,默認(rèn)為true。由于當(dāng)前應(yīng)用就是Eureka Server,故而設(shè)置為false
fetchRegistry: false #表示是否從Eureka Server獲取注冊(cè)信息,默認(rèn)為true。因?yàn)檫@是一個(gè)單點(diǎn)的Eureka Server,不需要同步其他的Eureka Server節(jié)點(diǎn)的數(shù)據(jù),故而設(shè)置為false
serviceUrl:
defaultZone: http://${eureka.instance.hostname}:${server.port}/eureka/ #Eureka server地址,查詢服務(wù)和注冊(cè)服務(wù)都需要依賴這個(gè)地址,多個(gè)地址可用逗號(hào)(英文的)分割
新建一個(gè)子工程lovin-eureka-server作為服務(wù)的注冊(cè)中心
<parent>
<artifactId>lovincloud</artifactId>
<groupId>com.eelve.lovincloud</groupId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>lovin-eureka-client</artifactId>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<name>eurekaclient</name>
<version>0.0.1</version>
<description>eureka的一個(gè)消費(fèi)端</description>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
package com.eelve.lovin;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;
/**
- 然后我們需要連接到服務(wù)端,具體配置如下
~~~yaml
server:
port: 8801 # 服務(wù)端口號(hào)
spring:
application:
name: lovineurkaclient # 服務(wù)名稱(chēng)
eureka:
client:
serviceUrl:
defaultZone: http://localhost:8881/eureka/ # 注冊(cè)到的eureka服務(wù)地址
package com.eelve.lovin.controller;
import com.eelve.lovin.config.ServerConfig;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
/**
@Version 1.0**/
@RestController
br/>**/
@RestController
@Autowired
ServerConfig serverConfig;
@RequestMapping("hello")
public String hello(){
return serverConfig.getUrl()+"###"+ HelloController.class.getName();
}
}
# 肆、分別啟動(dòng)注冊(cè)中心的服務(wù)端和客戶端
訪問(wèn)localhost:8881查看結(jié)果
![注冊(cè)中心](https://cache.yisu.com/upload/information/20200312/76/254765.jpg)
到這里我們可以已經(jīng)看到已經(jīng)成功將客戶端注冊(cè)到服務(wù)端了,然后我們?cè)L問(wèn)測(cè)試接口
![192202](https://cache.yisu.com/upload/information/20200312/76/254766.jpg)
可以看到已經(jīng)訪問(wèn)成功,至此Eureka的搭建已經(jīng)完成。
# 伍、加入安全配置
在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)中我們一般都會(huì)考慮安全性,尤其是管理服務(wù)的注冊(cè)中心,所以我們可以用**spring-boot-starter-security**來(lái)做安全限制
- 給**lovin-eureka-server**添加**spring-boot-starter-security**的pom依賴
~~~pom
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
</dependency>
spring:
application:
naem: lovineurkaserver # 服務(wù)模塊名稱(chēng)
security:
basic:
enabled: true
user:
name: lovin
password: ${REGISTRY_SERVER_PASSWORD:lovin}
server:
port: 8881 # 設(shè)置的eureka端口號(hào)
eureka:
instance:
hostname: localhost # 設(shè)置eureka的主機(jī)地址
metadata-map:
user.name: ${security.user.name}
user.password: ${security.user.password}
client:
registerWithEureka: false #表示是否將自己注冊(cè)到Eureka Server,默認(rèn)為true。由于當(dāng)前應(yīng)用就是Eureka Server,故而設(shè)置為false
fetchRegistry: false #表示是否從Eureka Server獲取注冊(cè)信息,默認(rèn)為true。因?yàn)檫@是一個(gè)單點(diǎn)的Eureka Server,不需要同步其他的Eureka Server節(jié)點(diǎn)的數(shù)據(jù),故而設(shè)置為false
serviceUrl:
defaultZone: http://${spring.security.user.name}:${spring.security.user.password}@${eureka.instance.hostname}:${server.port}/eureka/ #Eureka server地址,查詢服務(wù)和注冊(cè)服務(wù)都需要依賴這個(gè)地址,多個(gè)地址可用逗號(hào)(英文的)分割
package com.eelve.lovin.config;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.EnableWebSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter;
/**
@Version 1.0**/
@EnableWebSecurity
br/>**/
@EnableWebSecurity
@Override
protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
http.csrf().disable();
http.authorizeRequests()
.antMatchers("/css/**").permitAll()
.anyRequest().authenticated()
.and()
.formLogin()
.and()
.httpBasic();
super.configure(http);
}
}
- 給**lovin-eureka-client**添加**spring-boot-starter-security**的pom依賴
~~~pom
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
</dependency>
server:
port: 8801 # 服務(wù)端口號(hào)
spring:
application:
name: lovineurkaclient # 服務(wù)名稱(chēng)
security:
basic:
enabled: true
user:
name: lovin
password: ${REGISTRY_SERVER_PASSWORD:lovin}
eureka:
client:
serviceUrl:
defaultZone: http://lovin:lovin@localhost:8881/eureka/ # 注冊(cè)到的eureka服務(wù)地址
instance:
leaseRenewalIntervalInSeconds: 10
health-check-url-path: /actuator/health
metadata-map:
user.name: lovin
user.password: lovin
package com.eelve.lovin.config;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter;
/**
@Version 1.0**/
@Configuration
br/>**/
@Configuration
@Override
protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
http.authorizeRequests().anyRequest().permitAll()
.and().csrf().disable();
}
}
- 另外為了測(cè)試多客服端注冊(cè),我們可以修改再給客戶端新建一個(gè)配置文件,然后開(kāi)啟IDEA的多節(jié)點(diǎn)運(yùn)行,如下圖所示勾選**Allow parallel run**
![192203](https://cache.yisu.com/upload/information/20200312/76/254767.jpg)
- 然后為了區(qū)分是哪個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)的請(qǐng)求我們可以添加獲取端口
~~~java
package com.eelve.lovin.config;
import org.springframework.boot.web.context.WebServerInitializedEvent;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;
/**
@Version 1.0**/
@Component
br/>**/
@Component
private int serverPort;
public String getUrl() {
InetAddress address = null;
try {
address = InetAddress.getLocalHost();
} catch (UnknownHostException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return "http://"+address.getHostAddress() +":"+this.serverPort;
}
@Override
public void onApplicationEvent(WebServerInitializedEvent event) {
this.serverPort = event.getWebServer().getPort();
}
}
- 然后我們一次重啟服務(wù)端和兩個(gè)客戶端,這個(gè)時(shí)候我們?cè)L問(wèn)http://localhost:8881/
![192205](https://cache.yisu.com/upload/information/20200312/76/254769.jpg)
可以看到,這里已經(jīng)讓我們輸入用戶名和密碼了,說(shuō)明**spring-boot-starter-security**已經(jīng)配置成功,這時(shí)我們輸入配置的用戶名:lovin和密碼:lovin
![192204](https://cache.yisu.com/upload/information/20200312/76/254772.jpg)
這里我們可以看到已經(jīng)成功了,那么到這里Eureka的配置已經(jīng)全部成功了。
* [最后的最后是本博客的源碼,歡迎關(guān)注這一套SpringCloud的實(shí)踐](https://github.com/lovinstudio/lovincloud)
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