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gethostbyname解析域名時的超時設(shè)置

PHP
小樊
104
2024-08-27 08:37:52
欄目: 云計算

gethostbyname 是一個用于將域名解析為 IP 地址的函數(shù),但它本身并不提供超時設(shè)置

#include<stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include<string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <errno.h>

int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
    if (argc != 2) {
        printf("Usage: %s<domain_name>\n", argv[0]);
        exit(1);
    }

    const char *domain_name = argv[1];
    struct hostent *host;
    struct in_addr **addr_list;
    int i;

    // 使用 gethostbyname 解析域名
    host = gethostbyname(domain_name);
    if (host == NULL) {
        printf("Error: %s\n", hstrerror(h_errno));
        return 1;
    }

    addr_list = (struct in_addr **)host->h_addr_list;
    for (i = 0; addr_list[i] != NULL; i++) {
        printf("%s\n", inet_ntoa(*addr_list[i]));
    }

    return 0;
}

要實現(xiàn)超時設(shè)置,可以考慮使用其他庫,如 c-areslibuv。這些庫提供了異步 DNS 解析功能,支持超時設(shè)置。例如,使用 c-ares 庫實現(xiàn)帶有超時設(shè)置的域名解析:

#include <ares.h>
#include<stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include<string.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>

static void callback(void *arg, int status, int timeouts, struct hostent *host) {
    if (status != ARES_SUCCESS) {
        printf("Error: %s\n", ares_strerror(status));
        return;
    }

    struct in_addr **addr_list = (struct in_addr **)host->h_addr_list;
    for (int i = 0; addr_list[i] != NULL; i++) {
        printf("%s\n", inet_ntoa(*addr_list[i]));
    }
}

int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
    if (argc != 2) {
        printf("Usage: %s<domain_name>\n", argv[0]);
        exit(1);
    }

    const char *domain_name = argv[1];
    ares_channel channel;
    int status;

    // 初始化 c-ares 庫
    status = ares_init(&channel);
    if (status != ARES_SUCCESS) {
        printf("Error: %s\n", ares_strerror(status));
        return 1;
    }

    // 設(shè)置查詢超時時間(單位:毫秒)
    ares_set_timeout(channel, 5000);

    // 異步解析域名
    ares_gethostbyname(channel, domain_name, AF_INET, callback, NULL);

    // 等待查詢完成
    for (;;) {
        fd_set read_fds, write_fds;
        int nfds;
        struct timeval *tvp, tv;

        FD_ZERO(&read_fds);
        FD_ZERO(&write_fds);
        nfds = ares_fds(channel, &read_fds, &write_fds);
        if (nfds == 0) {
            break;
        }

        tvp = ares_timeout(channel, NULL, &tv);
        select(nfds, &read_fds, &write_fds, NULL, tvp);
        ares_process(channel, &read_fds, &write_fds);
    }

    // 銷毀 c-ares 庫
    ares_destroy(channel);

    return 0;
}

在這個示例中,我們使用 ares_set_timeout 函數(shù)設(shè)置查詢超時時間。請注意,這個示例需要安裝 c-ares 庫。

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