Python裝飾器是一種在不修改原始函數(shù)代碼的情況下,為函數(shù)增加新功能的方法。它們可以簡(jiǎn)化調(diào)試過程,因?yàn)槟憧梢允褂醚b飾器來添加日志記錄、性能測(cè)試、緩存等功能,而無需更改函數(shù)的內(nèi)部實(shí)現(xiàn)。
以下是一些使用裝飾器簡(jiǎn)化調(diào)試過程的示例:
logging
裝飾器記錄函數(shù)調(diào)用信息:import logging
logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO)
def log_decorator(func):
def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
logging.info(f"Calling {func.__name__} with args: {args} and kwargs: {kwargs}")
result = func(*args, **kwargs)
logging.info(f"{func.__name__} returned: {result}")
return result
return wrapper
@log_decorator
def add(a, b):
return a + b
add(1, 2)
timeit
裝飾器測(cè)試函數(shù)性能:import timeit
def timing_decorator(func):
def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
start_time = timeit.default_timer()
result = func(*args, **kwargs)
end_time = timeit.default_timer()
print(f"{func.__name__} took {end_time - start_time:.4f} seconds to execute")
return result
return wrapper
@timing_decorator
def fibonacci(n):
if n <= 1:
return n
return fibonacci(n - 1) + fibonacci(n - 2)
fibonacci(1000)
lru_cache
裝飾器緩存函數(shù)結(jié)果以提高性能:from functools import lru_cache
@lru_cache(maxsize=None)
def fibonacci(n):
if n <= 1:
return n
return fibonacci(n - 1) + fibonacci(n - 2)
print(fibonacci(1000))
通過使用這些裝飾器,你可以更容易地調(diào)試和優(yōu)化你的代碼,而無需更改函數(shù)的內(nèi)部實(shí)現(xiàn)。