FastAPI中怎么實(shí)現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)集成

小億
107
2024-05-11 11:28:56

要在FastAPI中實(shí)現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)集成，可以使用第三方庫(kù)如SQLAlchemy或者ORM（對(duì)象關(guān)系映射）。以下是使用SQLAlchemy的基本步驟：

  1. 安裝SQLAlchemy庫(kù)：
pip install SQLAlchemy
  1. 創(chuàng)建一個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)連接：
from sqlalchemy import create_engine
from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker

SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URL = "sqlite:///./test.db"

engine = create_engine(SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URL)
SessionLocal = sessionmaker(autocommit=False, autoflush=False, bind=engine)

Base = declarative_base()
  1. 創(chuàng)建一個(gè)模型類來(lái)定義數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)表結(jié)構(gòu)：
from sqlalchemy import Column, Integer, String

class User(Base):
    __tablename__ = "users"

    id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True, index=True)
    name = Column(String)
    email = Column(String)
  1. 創(chuàng)建數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)表：
Base.metadata.create_all(bind=engine)
  1. 在FastAPI應(yīng)用中使用數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)：
from fastapi import FastAPI, Depends
from sqlalchemy.orm import Session

app = FastAPI()

def get_db():
    db = SessionLocal()
    try:
        yield db
    finally:
        db.close()

@app.get("/users/{user_id}")
def read_user(user_id: int, db: Session = Depends(get_db)):
    user = db.query(User).filter(User.id == user_id).first()
    return {"id": user.id, "name": user.name, "email": user.email}

通過(guò)以上步驟，就能在FastAPI應(yīng)用中實(shí)現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)集成，實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的增刪改查操作。

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