Kotlin 中的享元模式(Flyweight Pattern)是一種用于性能優(yōu)化的設(shè)計(jì)模式,它通過(guò)共享技術(shù)來(lái)有效地支持大量細(xì)粒度對(duì)象的復(fù)用
interface Flyweight {
fun operation(extrinsicState: Any)
}
class ConcreteFlyweight : Flyweight {
private val intrinsicState = mutableMapOf<String, String>()
fun setIntrinsicState(key: String, value: String) {
intrinsicState[key] = value
}
override fun operation(extrinsicState: Any) {
println("Object with intrinsic state ${intrinsicState} and external state $extrinsicState")
}
}
class FlyweightFactory {
private val flyweights = mutableMapOf<String, Flyweight>()
fun getFlyweight(key: String): Flyweight {
return flyweights.getOrPut(key) { ConcreteFlyweight() }
}
}
fun main() {
val factory = FlyweightFactory()
val flyweight1 = factory.getFlyweight("key1")
flyweight1.setIntrinsicState("state1", "value1")
flyweight1.operation("externalState1")
val flyweight2 = factory.getFlyweight("key1")
flyweight2.setIntrinsicState("state2", "value2")
flyweight2.operation("externalState2")
}
在這個(gè)例子中,ConcreteFlyweight
類實(shí)現(xiàn)了 Flyweight
接口,并定義了一個(gè)用于存儲(chǔ)內(nèi)部狀態(tài)的數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)。FlyweightFactory
類負(fù)責(zé)管理享元對(duì)象的創(chuàng)建和存儲(chǔ)。在客戶端代碼中,我們通過(guò)享元工廠獲取享元對(duì)象,并設(shè)置其內(nèi)部狀態(tài)。然后,我們可以使用這些對(duì)象執(zhí)行操作,而無(wú)需創(chuàng)建新的對(duì)象。這樣就實(shí)現(xiàn)了享元模式,從而提高了性能。