在C# WinForm中,可以使用.NET的多線(xiàn)程功能來(lái)執(zhí)行長(zhǎng)時(shí)間運(yùn)行的任務(wù),從而避免UI線(xiàn)程被阻塞
System.Threading.Thread
類(lèi)創(chuàng)建一個(gè)新線(xiàn)程:using System;
using System.Threading;
using System.Windows.Forms;
namespace WindowsFormsApp
{
public partial class Form1 : Form
{
public Form1()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
Thread newThread = new Thread(new ThreadStart(LongRunningTask));
newThread.Start();
}
private void LongRunningTask()
{
// 在這里執(zhí)行長(zhǎng)時(shí)間運(yùn)行的任務(wù)
// ...
}
}
}
System.Threading.Tasks.Task
類(lèi)創(chuàng)建一個(gè)新任務(wù):using System;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;
namespace WindowsFormsApp
{
public partial class Form1 : Form
{
public Form1()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
private async void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
await Task.Run(() => LongRunningTask());
}
private void LongRunningTask()
{
// 在這里執(zhí)行長(zhǎng)時(shí)間運(yùn)行的任務(wù)
// ...
}
}
}
BackgroundWorker
組件:首先,將BackgroundWorker
組件添加到窗體上。然后,為其DoWork
事件編寫(xiě)處理程序,并在該處理程序中執(zhí)行長(zhǎng)時(shí)間運(yùn)行的任務(wù)。最后,在需要啟動(dòng)任務(wù)的地方調(diào)用RunWorkerAsync
方法。
using System;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Windows.Forms;
namespace WindowsFormsApp
{
public partial class Form1 : Form
{
public Form1()
{
InitializeComponent();
backgroundWorker1.DoWork += BackgroundWorker1_DoWork;
}
private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
backgroundWorker1.RunWorkerAsync();
}
private void BackgroundWorker1_DoWork(object sender, DoWorkEventArgs e)
{
// 在這里執(zhí)行長(zhǎng)時(shí)間運(yùn)行的任務(wù)
// ...
}
}
}
注意:在多線(xiàn)程操作中,不要直接訪(fǎng)問(wèn)UI控件,因?yàn)檫@可能導(dǎo)致線(xiàn)程安全問(wèn)題。如果需要更新UI控件,請(qǐng)使用Invoke
或BeginInvoke
方法將操作委托給UI線(xiàn)程。例如:
private void UpdateLabelText(string text)
{
if (label1.InvokeRequired)
{
label1.Invoke((MethodInvoker)delegate { label1.Text = text; });
}
else
{
label1.Text = text;
}
}